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MAINNET ALPHA Unaudited. A bug or an exploit could take everything in it, and nobody would pay you back. $100 total deposit cap. Put in only what you can lose. Read the risks.

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Lending on Solana · profile reviewed 2026-09-15

What Kamino USDC, main marketdepends on.

Deposit USDC into Kamino's main market, where borrowers post collateral and pay interest. What you earn is what they pay; what you risk is their collateral being mispriced or illiquid when it has to be sold.

Base APY

3.06%kamino-api · just now

Reward APY

0.00%From a rewards budget, and it can stop

Size

$161.36Mkamino-api · just now

Withdrawable now

$38.68MWhat could leave this minute, before anyone else asks

Readings

What it pays,
and how deep it is.

One reading every 15 minutes. A gap in a line is a reading the cron missed, and every reading is in the table under its chart.

Base APY

what the source itself earns, apart from rewards
-1.44%20.84%43.13%29 Oct · 38.78%30 Oct · 38.81%30 Oct · 34.93%30 Oct · 37.06%30 Oct · 33.71%30 Oct · 34.34%30 Oct · 20.70%30 Oct · 16.80%30 Oct · 21.49%30 Oct · 13.20%30 Oct · 20.23%30 Oct · 38.78%30 Oct · 38.78%30 Oct · 38.75%30 Oct · 38.73%30 Oct · 9.07%30 Oct · 14.48%30 Oct · 9.16%30 Oct · 3.35%30 Oct · 3.38%31 Oct · 3.58%31 Oct · 3.61%31 Oct · 3.62%31 Oct · 3.79%31 Oct · 3.79%31 Oct · 3.80%31 Oct · 3.84%31 Oct · 3.83%31 Oct · 3.84%31 Oct · 3.93%31 Oct · 3.95%31 Oct · 3.95%31 Oct · 3.95%31 Oct · 3.95%31 Oct · 3.97%31 Oct · 3.97%31 Oct · 3.99%31 Oct · 4.00%31 Oct · 4.00%1 Nov · 4.02%1 Nov · 4.02%1 Nov · 4.02%1 Nov · 4.02%1 Nov · 4.01%1 Nov · 4.07%1 Nov · 4.08%1 Nov · 4.08%1 Nov · 4.09%1 Nov · 4.09%1 Nov · 4.08%1 Nov · 4.11%1 Nov · 4.15%1 Nov · 4.05%1 Nov · 4.05%1 Nov · 4.05%1 Nov · 4.06%1 Nov · 4.06%1 Nov · 4.07%1 Nov · 4.04%2 Nov · 4.05%2 Nov · 4.05%2 Nov · 4.07%2 Nov · 4.07%2 Nov · 4.07%2 Nov · 4.07%2 Nov · 4.08%2 Nov · 4.08%2 Nov · 4.09%2 Nov · 4.09%2 Nov · 4.14%2 Nov · 4.16%2 Nov · 4.27%2 Nov · 4.32%2 Nov · 4.29%2 Nov · 4.25%2 Nov · 4.25%2 Nov · 4.26%2 Nov · 4.27%3 Nov · 2.88%3 Nov · 2.87%3 Nov · 2.89%3 Nov · 2.90%3 Nov · 2.93%3 Nov · 2.93%3 Nov · 2.92%3 Nov · 2.93%3 Nov · 2.91%3 Nov · 2.92%3 Nov · 2.92%3 Nov · 2.93%3 Nov · 2.94%3 Nov · 3.01%3 Nov · 3.02%3 Nov · 3.02%3 Nov · 3.01%3 Nov · 3.02%3 Nov · 3.03%4 Nov · 3.03%4 Nov · 3.05%4 Nov · 3.06%4 Nov · 3.06%29 Octnow · 3.06%
Every reading behind this chart
Read atBase APY
2026-11-04 04:00Z3.06%
2026-11-04 03:00Z3.06%
2026-11-04 01:45Z3.05%
2026-11-04 00:30Z3.03%
2026-11-03 23:15Z3.03%
2026-11-03 22:00Z3.02%
2026-11-03 20:45Z3.01%
2026-11-03 19:30Z3.02%
2026-11-03 18:15Z3.02%
2026-11-03 17:00Z3.01%
2026-11-03 15:45Z2.94%
2026-11-03 14:30Z2.93%
2026-11-03 13:15Z2.92%
2026-11-03 12:00Z2.92%
2026-11-03 10:45Z2.91%
2026-11-03 09:30Z2.93%
2026-11-03 08:15Z2.92%
2026-11-03 07:00Z2.93%
2026-11-03 05:45Z2.93%
2026-11-03 04:30Z2.90%
2026-11-03 03:15Z2.89%
2026-11-03 02:00Z2.87%
2026-11-03 00:45Z2.88%
2026-11-02 23:30Z4.27%
2026-11-02 22:15Z4.26%
2026-11-02 21:00Z4.25%
2026-11-02 19:45Z4.25%
2026-11-02 18:30Z4.29%
2026-11-02 17:15Z4.32%
2026-11-02 16:00Z4.27%
2026-11-02 14:45Z4.16%
2026-11-02 13:30Z4.14%
2026-11-02 12:15Z4.09%
2026-11-02 11:00Z4.09%
2026-11-02 09:45Z4.08%
2026-11-02 08:30Z4.08%
2026-11-02 07:15Z4.07%
2026-11-02 06:00Z4.07%
2026-11-02 04:45Z4.07%
2026-11-02 03:30Z4.07%
2026-11-02 02:15Z4.05%
2026-11-02 01:00Z4.05%
2026-11-01 23:45Z4.04%
2026-11-01 22:30Z4.07%
2026-11-01 21:15Z4.06%
2026-11-01 20:00Z4.06%
2026-11-01 18:45Z4.05%
2026-11-01 17:30Z4.05%
2026-11-01 16:15Z4.05%
2026-11-01 15:00Z4.15%
2026-11-01 13:45Z4.11%
2026-11-01 12:30Z4.08%
2026-11-01 11:15Z4.09%
2026-11-01 10:00Z4.09%
2026-11-01 08:45Z4.08%
2026-11-01 07:30Z4.08%
2026-11-01 06:15Z4.07%
2026-11-01 05:00Z4.01%
2026-11-01 03:45Z4.02%
2026-11-01 02:30Z4.02%
2026-11-01 01:15Z4.02%
2026-11-01 00:00Z4.02%
2026-10-31 22:45Z4.00%
2026-10-31 21:30Z4.00%
2026-10-31 20:15Z3.99%
2026-10-31 19:00Z3.97%
2026-10-31 17:45Z3.97%
2026-10-31 16:30Z3.95%
2026-10-31 15:15Z3.95%
2026-10-31 14:00Z3.95%
2026-10-31 12:45Z3.95%
2026-10-31 11:30Z3.93%
2026-10-31 10:15Z3.84%
2026-10-31 09:00Z3.83%
2026-10-31 07:45Z3.84%
2026-10-31 06:30Z3.80%
2026-10-31 05:15Z3.79%
2026-10-31 04:00Z3.79%
2026-10-31 02:45Z3.62%
2026-10-31 01:30Z3.61%
2026-10-31 00:15Z3.58%
2026-10-30 23:00Z3.38%
2026-10-30 21:45Z3.35%
2026-10-30 20:30Z9.16%
2026-10-30 19:15Z14.48%
2026-10-30 18:00Z9.07%
2026-10-30 16:45Z38.73%
2026-10-30 15:30Z38.75%
2026-10-30 14:15Z38.78%
2026-10-30 13:00Z38.78%
2026-10-30 11:45Z20.23%
2026-10-30 10:30Z13.20%
2026-10-30 09:15Z21.49%
2026-10-30 08:00Z16.80%
2026-10-30 06:45Z20.70%
2026-10-30 05:30Z34.34%
2026-10-30 04:15Z33.71%
2026-10-30 03:00Z37.06%
2026-10-30 01:45Z34.93%
2026-10-30 00:30Z38.81%
2026-10-29 23:15Z38.78%

Withdrawable now

what could leave this minute
$-5.16M$21.50M$48.16M29 Oct · $74,74230 Oct · $26,39030 Oct · $870,65030 Oct · $550,58930 Oct · $560,72230 Oct · $1,001,08330 Oct · $3,109,33830 Oct · $3,925,94330 Oct · $3,041,06030 Oct · $4,626,43830 Oct · $3,265,15230 Oct · $73,46930 Oct · $030 Oct · $172,51730 Oct · $208,83230 Oct · $5,219,42330 Oct · $4,353,38630 Oct · $5,417,54330 Oct · $29,956,46630 Oct · $29,481,84431 Oct · $25,359,25531 Oct · $24,824,76831 Oct · $24,632,01231 Oct · $21,541,77131 Oct · $21,599,95931 Oct · $21,454,01831 Oct · $20,829,49431 Oct · $21,089,57431 Oct · $20,808,60831 Oct · $19,300,46731 Oct · $19,141,66231 Oct · $18,982,00631 Oct · $18,772,96031 Oct · $19,068,07231 Oct · $18,812,10431 Oct · $18,799,77931 Oct · $18,461,12331 Oct · $18,252,71631 Oct · $18,298,5401 Nov · $18,040,4811 Nov · $18,007,4511 Nov · $17,983,3671 Nov · $17,969,7521 Nov · $18,053,0601 Nov · $17,214,3291 Nov · $17,071,4401 Nov · $17,097,0441 Nov · $16,860,8591 Nov · $16,829,4621 Nov · $16,892,1511 Nov · $16,536,7671 Nov · $16,528,1721 Nov · $17,522,5881 Nov · $17,626,5541 Nov · $17,547,2141 Nov · $17,350,3871 Nov · $17,368,2921 Nov · $17,255,8021 Nov · $17,575,5872 Nov · $17,556,1952 Nov · $17,567,4862 Nov · $17,278,5632 Nov · $17,243,1612 Nov · $17,172,1562 Nov · $17,221,5682 Nov · $17,150,1372 Nov · $17,139,2252 Nov · $16,928,5622 Nov · $16,936,3142 Nov · $16,127,0832 Nov · $15,924,1172 Nov · $14,393,5212 Nov · $13,682,4802 Nov · $14,058,4942 Nov · $14,588,6202 Nov · $14,686,5902 Nov · $14,450,9122 Nov · $14,311,2043 Nov · $42,941,5543 Nov · $42,999,9353 Nov · $42,652,8083 Nov · $42,257,0673 Nov · $41,781,9803 Nov · $41,818,1053 Nov · $42,088,1573 Nov · $41,771,5183 Nov · $42,167,8653 Nov · $42,084,0613 Nov · $42,068,9993 Nov · $41,811,8823 Nov · $41,682,8023 Nov · $39,742,3063 Nov · $39,714,3803 Nov · $39,654,9893 Nov · $39,814,8233 Nov · $39,733,5833 Nov · $39,444,2214 Nov · $39,328,3374 Nov · $38,993,5694 Nov · $38,856,3114 Nov · $38,674,39929 Octnow · $38.67M
Every reading behind this chart
Read atWithdrawable now
2026-11-04 04:00Z$38,674,399
2026-11-04 03:00Z$38,856,311
2026-11-04 01:45Z$38,993,569
2026-11-04 00:30Z$39,328,337
2026-11-03 23:15Z$39,444,221
2026-11-03 22:00Z$39,733,583
2026-11-03 20:45Z$39,814,823
2026-11-03 19:30Z$39,654,989
2026-11-03 18:15Z$39,714,380
2026-11-03 17:00Z$39,742,306
2026-11-03 15:45Z$41,682,802
2026-11-03 14:30Z$41,811,882
2026-11-03 13:15Z$42,068,999
2026-11-03 12:00Z$42,084,061
2026-11-03 10:45Z$42,167,865
2026-11-03 09:30Z$41,771,518
2026-11-03 08:15Z$42,088,157
2026-11-03 07:00Z$41,818,105
2026-11-03 05:45Z$41,781,980
2026-11-03 04:30Z$42,257,067
2026-11-03 03:15Z$42,652,808
2026-11-03 02:00Z$42,999,935
2026-11-03 00:45Z$42,941,554
2026-11-02 23:30Z$14,311,204
2026-11-02 22:15Z$14,450,912
2026-11-02 21:00Z$14,686,590
2026-11-02 19:45Z$14,588,620
2026-11-02 18:30Z$14,058,494
2026-11-02 17:15Z$13,682,480
2026-11-02 16:00Z$14,393,521
2026-11-02 14:45Z$15,924,117
2026-11-02 13:30Z$16,127,083
2026-11-02 12:15Z$16,936,314
2026-11-02 11:00Z$16,928,562
2026-11-02 09:45Z$17,139,225
2026-11-02 08:30Z$17,150,137
2026-11-02 07:15Z$17,221,568
2026-11-02 06:00Z$17,172,156
2026-11-02 04:45Z$17,243,161
2026-11-02 03:30Z$17,278,563
2026-11-02 02:15Z$17,567,486
2026-11-02 01:00Z$17,556,195
2026-11-01 23:45Z$17,575,587
2026-11-01 22:30Z$17,255,802
2026-11-01 21:15Z$17,368,292
2026-11-01 20:00Z$17,350,387
2026-11-01 18:45Z$17,547,214
2026-11-01 17:30Z$17,626,554
2026-11-01 16:15Z$17,522,588
2026-11-01 15:00Z$16,528,172
2026-11-01 13:45Z$16,536,767
2026-11-01 12:30Z$16,892,151
2026-11-01 11:15Z$16,829,462
2026-11-01 10:00Z$16,860,859
2026-11-01 08:45Z$17,097,044
2026-11-01 07:30Z$17,071,440
2026-11-01 06:15Z$17,214,329
2026-11-01 05:00Z$18,053,060
2026-11-01 03:45Z$17,969,752
2026-11-01 02:30Z$17,983,367
2026-11-01 01:15Z$18,007,451
2026-11-01 00:00Z$18,040,481
2026-10-31 22:45Z$18,298,540
2026-10-31 21:30Z$18,252,716
2026-10-31 20:15Z$18,461,123
2026-10-31 19:00Z$18,799,779
2026-10-31 17:45Z$18,812,104
2026-10-31 16:30Z$19,068,072
2026-10-31 15:15Z$18,772,960
2026-10-31 14:00Z$18,982,006
2026-10-31 12:45Z$19,141,662
2026-10-31 11:30Z$19,300,467
2026-10-31 10:15Z$20,808,608
2026-10-31 09:00Z$21,089,574
2026-10-31 07:45Z$20,829,494
2026-10-31 06:30Z$21,454,018
2026-10-31 05:15Z$21,599,959
2026-10-31 04:00Z$21,541,771
2026-10-31 02:45Z$24,632,012
2026-10-31 01:30Z$24,824,768
2026-10-31 00:15Z$25,359,255
2026-10-30 23:00Z$29,481,844
2026-10-30 21:45Z$29,956,466
2026-10-30 20:30Z$5,417,543
2026-10-30 19:15Z$4,353,386
2026-10-30 18:00Z$5,219,423
2026-10-30 16:45Z$208,832
2026-10-30 15:30Z$172,517
2026-10-30 14:15Z$0
2026-10-30 13:00Z$73,469
2026-10-30 11:45Z$3,265,152
2026-10-30 10:30Z$4,626,438
2026-10-30 09:15Z$3,041,060
2026-10-30 08:00Z$3,925,943
2026-10-30 06:45Z$3,109,338
2026-10-30 05:30Z$1,001,083
2026-10-30 04:15Z$560,722
2026-10-30 03:00Z$550,589
2026-10-30 01:45Z$870,650
2026-10-30 00:30Z$26,390
2026-10-29 23:15Z$74,742

Dependencies

What would
have to fail.

Two positions that name the same failure point fail together, however different they look.

Shared failure points

Kamino

Who can change the programs

Upgradeable · 24h time lock · 5 of 10 signers

KLend2…gmjDFarmsP…91Hr

What prices the collateral

Collateral behind this source, its share, and what prices it
SOL22.6%Chainlink, Pyth
dSOL18.4%Chainlink, Pyth
USDC16.4%Chainlink, Pyth
JITOSOL9.1%Chainlink, Pyth
dfdvSOL6.5%Chainlink, Pyth
cbBTC5.0%Chainlink, Pyth

This market prices the USDC you deposit 2 bps from a dollar.

Getting out

How you leave.

  • Redeemable at its stated value.
  • $38,677,025 could be withdrawn right now.

Who may hold it

Who it turns away.

  • Not available to residents of: the United States, the United Kingdom.
  • These are the source's own terms, read from its documents. Ventura applies them, it does not grant them.

Audits · read 2026-10-13

What the audits found,
and what they read.

Is the code running now the code they read? No. klend 1.25.0 has run since 2026-08-20. Its published reports stop at 1.17.0 (2026-03-30), and nine upgrades followed. Kamino's release notes name Certora and OtterSec reviews of later versions, but none is published. Scope, which prices every collateral, has no verified build.

26 reports found 3 critical and 15 high issues. 53 findings were acknowledged or left open, and some reports do not say.

Every published audit of this source, what it read and what it found
ReadByEndedVersionFound C / H / M / L / INot fixed
klendAuditRonny Xing2023-07-23419de5c1 / 3 / 3 / 3 / 22
klendAuditOtterSec2023-09-0688dfca40 / 3 / 0 / 5 / 52
kfarmsAudit · 2 reportsOtterSec and Offside Labs2023-12-085fcec0d, 057356f0 / 4 / 4 / 3 / 8not stated
ScopeAudit · 3 reportsOffside Labs, OtterSec, Sec32024-12-16up to v0.16.01 / 0 / 5 / 5 / 52
klendAuditSec32025-02-06v1.7.00 / 0 / 0 / 2 / 31
klendAuditCertora2025-02-215af6cfc0 / 0 / 2 / 1 / 76
klendFuzzingAckee2025-07-28private repository0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 82
klendAuditAckee2025-09-12private repository, v1.120 / 1 / 3 / 7 / 714
klendFormal verificationOtterSec2025-10-06one health invariant over four instructions0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 00
klendChange review · 3 reportsOffside Labs2026-01-111.13.0 to 1.14.00 / 1 / 0 / 2 / 52
klendChange review · 7 reportsCertora2026-03-171.13.0 to 1.17.01 / 2 / 15 / 14 / 1213
klendChange review · 4 reportsOtterSec2026-03-301.13.0 to 1.17.00 / 1 / 3 / 7 / 79

The programs a deposit runs through

Each program, when it was last upgraded, and whether an audit read that code
ProgramLast upgradedUpgrades after its last auditVerified buildSince 2026-10-13
klendKLend2…gmjD2026-08-209a087609 (v1.25.0)Upgraded since, at slot 461744249
kfarmsFarmsP…91Hr2026-09-0316bfa1860 (v1.7.0)No upgrade since
Scope (prices)HFn8Gn…2fWJ2026-10-0128noneUpgraded since, at slot 456489054

Control

Who can stop
a withdrawal.

Every power the review found over this source: who holds it, how many signatures it takes, and how long it waits. The marked rows can stop money leaving.

Who can change or stop this source, with how many signatures and what delay
PowerHeld bySignaturesDelayUsed
Emergency mode on a market or one reserve, which stops withdrawalsCan stop withdrawalsEmergency council (9thcmURb…)2 of 10noneOnce, on another market (2026-04-03). The previous council put the main market's ETH reserve in emergency mode on 2026-04-23
Lift emergency mode; change any reserve setting, price source, cap or collateralMarket owner (7idEEVRi…), both markets4 of 1012 h846 admin instructions since 2026-02-25, 424 of them on these two markets
Point any price either market uses at a different feedScope admin (EFZxQRB5…)4 of 10noneNot checked
Upgrade klendSquads 6hhBGCtm…5 of 1024 h24 times since it took over on 2025-04-25
Upgrade kfarms and ScopeSquads 5HzXCm7o… and DDJGaWjV…5 of 1024 hYes
Fees on every reserveGlobal admin, Squads v3 (4htL3T1t…)4 of 10none315 fee changes since 2025-06; none on these USDC reserves since 2026-02-04

Right now, read from the chain: is this so?

  • Kamino's main market is in emergency mode No
  • The main market's USDC reserve is in emergency mode No

Bug bounty: Immunefi, up to $1.5M at 10% of the funds affected, since 2025-10-06. From a news report: the Immunefi page did not load here.

History

What has
gone wrong.

  • 2025-10-10

    Market crash: $20M of liquidations, no bad debt and no pauses. Source

Evidence

Everything this profile
was written from.

7 documents, read by hand for the review on 2026-09-15.

Already holding it?

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in your wallet?

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